MD Formulations Vit A Plus, Illuminating Serum,Exclusive advanced formula visibly balances uneven skin tone, the appearance of dark spots, discolorations and revitalizes skin. Multi-action formula contains 15% AHA, Retinol-Pure vitamin A, Vitamin C and plant extracts to clarify, refine and rejuvenate. Clinical tests demonstrated a 60 percent reduction in the appearance of dark spots and discolorations. pH balanced for gentleness.